NDM Story 12: Apple News arrives in the UK with 14 newspaper and magazine partners

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/22/apple-news-uk-newspapers-ios-91

Apple News has launched in the UK with a total of 14 news partners such as the Financial Times, the Economist and the Daily Mirror. Apple aims to create a service that acts as a gateway for several news sites to make reading news from different institutions, considerably easier. It also personalises readers news stories and display news that would most likely appeal to the reader as well as offering a wider choice of news in one single app. This service, replaces Apple's previous app, news stand with the new update of IOS 9.1.

• Launched with 14 UK newspaper and magazine publishers.
• UK magazine companies on board at launch include Vanity Fair owner Condé Nast, Top Gear and Radio Times publisher Immediate Media, Cosmopolitan and Esquire parent Hearst and Marie Claire publisher Time Inc.
• Trinity Mirror said that it is putting 27 of its national and regional titles on service, including the Mirror, Daily Record, Manchester Evening News and Liverpool Echo.

I think this is a very useful app as it provides readers with free news and allows them to easily browse through news and find information that is of interest to them.

NDM Story 11: Disney to launch UK film and TV streaming service for £9.99 a month

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/22/disney-uk-film-tv-streaming-disneylife-frozen-toy-story

Disney Life is an app that will launch next month and it will give subscribers access to a wide variety of Disney movies for £9.99 a month. "Families are accessing entertainment in completely new ways but their love for Disney and our unique characters and stories remains the same." says chairman and chief executive, Bob Iger. However with the several services already available and vastly popular such as Netflix, Amazon and Now TV, families are roughly estimated to be paying a massive £450 a year to appease everyone's taste. Disney's specific target is youth and it is estimated to reach about 1 million paying subscribers, slightly less than the total subscribers for Netflix (4.5m), Amazon Prime (1.5m) and Now TV (1.2m). 

• Netflix: £5.99 per month 

4.5m subs
Titles: House of Cards, Narcos, Orange is the New Black

• Amazon Prime Instant Video: £79 per year (£6.58 per month) 

1.5m subs
Titles: Hand of God, Transparent, Vikings

• Sky’s Now TV: £6.99 a month plus £9.99 a month for films

1.2m subs
Titles: Game of Thrones, Mad Men, Walking Dead

• DisneyLife: £9.99 per month

Launching next month
Titles: The Lion King, Toy Story, The Jungle Book

I think that Disney's new app would not reach the anticipated subscribers as there may already be many Disney movies available on other apps such as Netflix. Current subscribers of other services may not bother spending more money on the disney app as it is already available on another service. Also, it is becoming easier to find good quality films online, causing less people to rely on such services.

Fran Unsworth Questions

1) Other than turning BBC3 into an online service, are there any other ways to attract the younger demographic (16-34)?

2) What would be the positive effects of the reduction of senior and middle managers?

3) Are there any other channels that you believe should become online only?

4) Has the BBC considered cutting unpopular TV shows across all channels in an attempt to save money?

5) What do you think is the biggest negative effect of cutting BBC3

10 Examples of Citizen journalism

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/03/womans-racist-abuse-filmed-on-packed-train-in-sydney

A woman on a train in Australia became very abusive to children who didn't give up their seat for her on the train and when other travellers began to film the scene, she started to use racist and derogatory terms towards those filming her in particular, a chinese woman. 

This is significant, as incidents that happen in unlikely places such as public transport would be very unlikely to be filmed professionally. This is also an impending issue in countries especially Australia due to their previous records of incidents that include racism.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3269659/Honestly-saved-life-Blind-high-school-student-thanks-hero-boy-jumped-stopped-bully-beating-up.html

A blind student in an American school is beaten by a bully but a few moments later, another male steps in and stops the bully from further attacking the visually impaired boy. This student has been named a hero due to his brave and moral actions.

Professional cameras would be highly unlikely to capture this scene as it is happening in school. This story is very relevant as bullying is a predicament world wide and the fact that the victim has a disability makes the bullying worse.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2611159/Haunting-images-memorial-victims-South-Korea-ferry-disaster-photographs-left-loved-ones-identified.html

The video is shows footage from students' phones while the Sewol ferry in South Korea, was sinking. The video shows how the students were relatively calm as they were unaware of their impending death. It also shows the public the condition of the ferry and how much it was tilting.

This video shows the accident from the perspectives of those who were in the situation. This is another situation where it is impossible to have footage like this from professional journalists.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2950663/Driven-violence-Motorist-films-shocking-moment-thug-PUNCHES-passenger-window-screaming-abuse-road-rage-row.html

The video shows a man with a case of great road rage. Despite stating that his child was in the car, he proves himself as a terrible role model when he smashes the window with one punch and walks away.

It is significant as it portrays the escalation of normal everyday possible occurrences that are unlikely to happen.

http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/jun/08/texas-pool-party-police-dajerria-becton-eric-casebolt-rude

The police are shown in the video to be disturbing a bunch of teenagers, who are supposedly having a pool party due to their attire. The video does not tell the viewers why the police were there in the first place however, the police officer is shown to violently push and drag a black girl who did not show any violence to the officer herself.

This is very important as similarly to Australia, America is another country with great problems with racism. It also acts as evidence to testify against the particular police officer as there are many cases that the police manages to be excused from any error they commit,  making them too powerful and arrogant.

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/fire-at-disney-world-rollercoaster-set-ablaze-in-fireworks-show-gone-wrong-9834206.html

The simple video shows a fire in the distance. The article confirms that the fire is coming from a famous ride, The Seven Dwarves' Mine Train, in the renowned Disney World.

It is very shocking for the public as this is a very serious incident in one of the world's best theme parks. Disney is an institution associated with children and their dreams and aspirations. Having this accident occur would have had a massive, yet short term effect on the business of the particular park.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3224718/Watch-Korean-pop-group-Gfriend-repeatedly-face-plant-wet-stage-dancing-happened.html

GFriend, a rookie Korean Pop group are shown to be having a performance on an outdoor stage, however they are continuously falling due to the wet stage, which creates many flaws in their normally completely in-sync choreography.


This would be quite surprising to many viewers as the girls instantaneously stand up when they fall, despite the falls looking quite hard and painful. This amy be also used as a good representation of South Korea's hardcore training as it is very apparent that the phrase "the show must go in" is strongly ingrained into the girls heads.

http://www.theguardian.com/travel/live/2015/jun/02/alton-towers-crash-four-teenagers-seriously-injured-smiler-ride-live-updates

Another case of a very serious and critical accident is the crash of popular ride, Smiler, at Alton Towers. The video show one of the trains ricking back and forth on the tracks while some screams are heard from the riders as some of them plead for help to take them of the ride.

This is significant as similarly to Disney World, Alton Towers is a very popular theme park in Britain and this accident has massively impacted their number of customers. 

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/20/colorado-theater-shooting-dark-knight

The video is taken outside the cinema where the batman massacre took place. While watching The Dark Knight Rises, suddenly, someone came into the theatre and began shooting. The video displays the hectic nature of the scene and there are even some victims who were shot that appear on the video.

This is incredibly significant as it shows the negative affects that the media and entertainment have on the audiences. 

http://kxan.com/2015/05/28/blanco-river-floods-into-cabin-as-rescued-woman-records/

The video hows a woman's house being completely taken over by violent floods in texas. The video was taken in the night and the woman's shocked and terrified voice can be heard amidst the sounds of thrashing water.

This gives a singular account of how the flood affected one of the citizens in Texas and allows other readers to have a vague understanding of the difficulties that the flood is causing the people of Texas.

NDM Story 10: Ofcom to take on regulation of video-on-demand services

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/14/video-on-demand-ofcom-atvod

Video on demand services such as Channel4's all4 and sky's now tv, will now be overlooked by ofcom. Tv-like services used to be overlooked by the authority for television on demand (ATVOD) but it is now going to be regulated by ofcom with similar rules as ATVOD. The change will come about in January and as ofcom is a bigger institution, there will be a larger workforce to tend to video on demand issues. Taking over this new role will not significantly affect ofcoms work load as there isn't much content that needs to be regulated. The majority of the work is regulating adult content. Services such as you tube or Netflix does not include in the remit of what ofcom needs to deal with.

• ATVOD only covers TV-like services based in the UK
• The change, which will come into force in January

In my opinion, I don't see the particular need for ofcom to take over ATVOD's role as it will make many people redundant without much positive effect for either the institution or the audience. Despite this meaning an increase in income for some of the workers dealing with ATVOD related work, this increase is very minor and ineffective.

NDM Story 9: Twitter slashes global workforce as it struggles for growth

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/oct/13/twitter-job-losses-global-restructuring-plan-jack-dorsey

Since the co founder of Twitter, jack Dorsey became the new chief editor, he is planning to make 8% of their global workforce redundant in order to encourage growth. The majority of the reduced will come from the product and engineering sections as they are the biggest sections in the company. They believe that the section will work better with fewer people while still retaining its position as the largest sector. Many changes have been made over the past few months to help the company grow as despite having around 300 million users, this greatly falls behind the number of users for Facebook.

• about 300 million users
• n July, it revealed the slowest rise in monthly average users since it went public in 2013. 
• Twitter has about 4,100 staff globally. 
• expects the redundancies to cost between $10m and $20m (£6.5m-£13m) in severance money and another $5m-$15m in restructuring costs.
• Twitter shares had risen 4.9% to more than $30 by noon on Tuesday
• Up to Monday’s close, its shares had fallen by about 20% this year. 

I believe that this will be a positive change for Twitter as it will give them the opportunity to grow. Despite being very unfortunate to be put in the position of being redundant, the company needs to do whatever they can in order to increase the growth of Twitter.

NDM News: Citizen journalism

Notes

• Examples:

Rodney King  Asian Tsunami, London Bombings 5th July 2015, Seung Hui Cho, Mumbai Bombings, Hudson River Plane Crash

• Theory (audience reception etc.) : 

Hypodermic Model, user generated content, gatekeepers

• Benefits to Institutions 

Institutions can access reports from incidents where they normally may not have been able to be. They have larger audience participation. 

• Benefits to Audience :

Audiences now create their own content and voice opinions and ideologies

• Wider Issues and Debates 

Many professionals may be kicked out of their profession. Institutions may rely purely on UGC. Is there a way to monetize UGC to benefit both the institution and the citizens.

• SHEP

Since 1991, UGC is on the verge of completely transforming the format of the news as well as the variety of news and the content of the news. Massive radical change from the traditional journalists. 

1) What is meant by the term ‘citizen journalist’?

The term citizen journalist is used for non-professionals (ordinary citizens) who reports, analyses and disseminates news or information.

2) What was one of the first examples of news being generated by ‘ordinary people’?

In 1991, someone managed to film a scene of 4 police officers in Los Angeles who surrounded tasered and beat up Rodney King with clubs after a high speed chase.

3) List some of the formats for participation that are now offered by news organizations.

• Message boards  
• Chat Rooms
• Q&A
• Polls
• Have your says
• blogs

4) What is one of the main differences between professionally shot footage and that taken first-hand (UGC)?

The main difference between professionally shot footage and UGC footage is that it is considerably lower quality than professional. However, with the rise in technology and the updates of cameras,many UGC footage can be as clear as professionally filmed footage.

5) What is a gatekeeper?

A gatekeeper is a professional decision maker who has the ability to control and and edit information to make it relevant and accurate.

6) How has the role of a gatekeeper changed?

Gatekeepers roles have intensified as with the introduction of new and digital media as well as citizen journalism, has made it increasingly difficult to filter information. Gatekeepers now have to deal with much more ludicrous conspiracy theories on a much wider scale, making it almost impossible to find completely reliable information

7) What is one of the primary concerns held by journalists over the rise of UGC?

One of the primary concerns is that there will be fewer and fewer permanent staff in organizations, leaving only a very small work force to manage and assess the UGC.

8) Finally, consider the following questions and answer each bullet point in the same blogpost:

What impact is new/digital media having on the following:

• news stories

New and digital media is making it easier for ordinary citizens to put their input into the news. They have the ability to film incidents instantaneously which will allow journalists to write a more truthful and accurate account of events. 

• the news agenda (the choice of stories that make up the news)

It will  give news institutions more of a variety of news stories to include as their will be more reliable evidence to allow them to add detail to stories that may not have had much substance to begin with. 

• the role of professionals in news

In the near future, there is a high likelihood that there will no longer be a need for an abundance of professionals in the news as most of there content would be UGC. As the article states, there will come a time where the only professionals needed in an institution are gatekeepers who can assess and edit the user generated news in order to make it appropriate to be broadcasted to the public.

Newspapers: The effect of online technology

Do you agree with James Murdoch that the BBC should not be allowed to provide free news online? Why?

I do not agree with James Murdoch and i think that BBC should be allowed to provide free news services as they are a PSB which stands for Public Service Broadcaster. By charging readers to view their news sites, they do not follow with their category of being a public service. However, charging readers to see online news maybe be useful to help fix the issue of people avoiding to pay the license fee.

Was Rupert Murdoch right to put his news content (The Times, The Sun) behind a paywall?

It may be very useful for Rupert Murdoch to put his content behind a paywall as they are some of the leading print newspapers, the sun being the leading tabloid. This shows that Rupert Murdoch has accumulated some loyal readers over the years and would be very likely to keep the majority of his audiences.Also as, Rupert Murdoch's news papers are right wing, that means that they support the conservative party meaning that many of their readers may even be members of the conservative party. If so, they can afford to pay to access news, meaning it would be very beneficial for Rupert Murdoch, financially.

Choose two comments from below the Times paywall article - one that argues in favour of the paywall and one that argues against. Copy a quote from each and explain which YOU agree with and why.

Against the paywall: All very well, but the Times has zero web presence. What's the point of existing in the 21st century without one? 
I never hear or read anything from the newspaper, because nobody can share what it publishes.

For the paywall: Just a thought on that: Times gets £14.99 pm from 140,000 subscribers, making it considerably more than it made in online advertising.

I agree with the statement that agrees that the Times should be behind a paywall as it would be very beneficial for Rupert Murdoch as the comment states that by using a paywall, he will earn much more than from advertisements alone.
Why do you think the Evening Standard has bucked the trend and increased circulation and profit in the last two years?

The evening standard may have profited in the last two years as more and more bes institutions are choosing to present their content online. With this, the evening standard's competition has decreased, allowing it to become more popular in print form. Also, their online news content is also very successful.

Is there any hope for the newspaper industry or will it eventually die out? Provide a detailed response to this question explaining and justifying your opinion.

In my opinion, I believe that the newspaper industry is extremely relevant to everyone. Despite the online news sites gaining a lot of recognition and praise, newspapers still have an audience that rely on newspapers to find out about current affairs. Those who are part of the digital divide has either extremely minimal access to technology or in some cases, none at all. This means that the newspaper may act as their sole source of news and that for their sake, newpapers cannot die down. Also for elderly audiences, a newspaper may be more convenient and easier for them in comparison to using technology. Therefore, they are also a key audience that newspapers cater to. It can be considered that over time, technology will further develop and provide those who are part of the social divide to access internet. Also, the people who grew up with technology would be very likely to use it in their elderly age. However, when that time comes, there may be a new way to access news and accessing it on line may seem like a dieing down form of media, like the newspapers. To summarise, newspapers will eventually die down, similarly to other forms of media but it will not die down in the near future.

NDM Story 8: UK digital ad spend soars despite fears over ad blocking

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/08/uk-digital-ad-ad-blocking-display

Despite the rapid growth of consumers buying ad blocking software, this has not greatly 

affected the digital ad market as it has surprisingly grown by twice the rate it has normally grown at. There has been a lot of talk about digital advertising due to the many challenges that it has been facing however, these challenges have not hindered the industry as it is "maintaining strong revenue growth at a much greater rate than the overall economy.” Even though many consumers are downloading ad blocking software, the revenue garnered from ads have increased particularly from mobile advertising. It is said that as users spend more time on their phone, advertisers begin to focus on directing their attentions and budgets there.

• UK digital display ad market which grew by more than a quarter in the first half to £1.31bn.
• UK advertisers spent a record £3.98bn on all forms of digital advertising in the first half
• Digital display advertising grew 27.5% to £1.31bn in the first half.
• his is slightly down on the 30% growth rate reported in the first half of last year, but up on the 26.4% reported for 2014 as a whole.
• PageFair estimates that UK ad blocking grew by 82% to 12m active users in the year to the end of June.
• Mobile advertising as an overall category saw a 51% increase in spend to £1.08bn in the first half, accounting for 27% of the total UK digital ad market and 39% of the digital display market.

I believe that the number of people who have access to the internet massively exceeds the number of people who know about ad blocking software, which gives great opportunity for advertisers to continue focusing their advertising in one area; mobile advertising. I think that when the time comes and more consumers become aware of ad blocker, advertisers will them begin to get affected by the impact of this possible change. There is a possibility that advertisers may find a new way around ad blocker to put out their ads. There may even be new technology that ad blocker has not been introduced to, therefore making any new technology, an easy target to display ads on.

NDM Story 7: Peeple review people: the user-review app you didn't dare ask for

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/oct/01/peeple-review-people-the-user-review-app-you-didnt-dare-ask-for

 'Peeple' created by Canadian marketer, Julia Cordray, and her Californian co-founder, Nicole McCullough, is a new app that allows people to make reviews on people. They believe that this app will be extremely effective for the future as it gives vital information that will make it easier to make quick judgements on people. The app is subtitled, 'character is destiny' stating that it will revolutionize the way we see the world through relationships. Examples where this app is very useful are in situations when an employer would need to choose a good employee to hire or people to find potential spouses with similar personalities. Peeple will be launched in November and the creators are expecting a good response from this app. 

• The Washington Post reports that the company’s shares were valued at US$7.6m 
• To join the service you must be at least 21 and have an established Facebook account
• Reviews you write appear under your real name, and are contextualised in one of three categories: personal, professional or romantic. 
• Described as a “positivity app for positive people”.
• Reflect people’s capacity to “grow and change for the better”

I think that by releasing the app 'Peeple', if it does happen to reach outstanding popularity, I think there are great possibilities for it to become a gateway for cyber bullying to occur. Another social networking site with a similar concept to 'Peeple' is ask.fm which allows people to anonymously question and comment on another user's account. This site has been the source for many new cyber bullying cases and I don't think 'Peeple' will be any different. In my opinion, I feel that unlike the description of "a positive app", many negative outcomes will arise from releasing this app. 

NDM baseline assessment learner response

WWW: Some excellent writing, Shanara. Very fluent; incorporating a range of theorists 

LR: Add examples to your points; always refer to sources. Write a paragraph on institutions/ conglomerates and Pareto's Law.

38/48 = B+

There are several large institutions and conglomerates that distribute mass amounts of news to the audience, which gives the opportunity for audiences to be empowered due to the greater variety of news with a wider spectrum of ideologies and opinions. However, as Pareto's law states, ultimately, consumers outnumber producers meaning that there are possibilities that eventually, the variety of news may be too minimal, but as audiences have routines and are not vey open to drastic changes, there is still an extensive amount of news that audiences can access. Many news institutions are heavily under consumed with the convenience of new and digital media is the main cause for the audiences' rigid behaviour. This affects institutions very negatively as it leads to unpopularity of the newspaper, which would eventually lead to bankruptcy. Although it may seem that newspapers are unnecessary with the easy accessibility of online news, the audience members who are part of the digital divide would not benefit this change as they would find difficulties in changing their routine and finding their news form a different source.

Audience and Institution

 Come up with an example of an institution that has benefited from the changes new and digital media has brought to the news industry. 

The Mail Online is the website of newspaper, Daily Mail that has greatly benefited from the changes in news with the introduction of technology. The Daily Mail was named the leading online newspaper by tracking service comScore with their 11.34 million daily viewers. Also, as The Daily Mail is available online, it is accessible to people all over the world. To further broaden their readers, separate home pages were created in several countries including USA, India and Australia. The Daily Mail, since opening up a website, has received several awards such as Laureus Sports Website of the Year at the 2014 Sports Journalist Association awards, chairman's award for Online Media and Best Brand Development. With this great success, The Daily Mail was encouraged to create an app which also proved to be very successful as it was named one of "The Best Apps of 2013" in the UK by the Google Play store.

Find an example of an institution that has suffered as a result of the changes new and digital media has brought to the news industry.

The sun is an example of an institution that has suffered since new and digital media has been bought to the news industry. It has lost a large number of readers as many of the readers have potentially gone to other news institutions as they offer free news on websites. 


Who has benefited most from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry - audiences or institutions?

With the extensive changes in technology, new and digital media have many effects on both the audience and the institution which creates Positive and negative outcomes.

For the audiences it can be considered that the introduction of new and digital media is very positive. It offers the audience a wider variety of news written with from different perspectives which broadens their knowledge and understanding of what is happening inthe world around them. However more than the wide range of stories available, expanding, for the audience, the accessibility of the news may be even more important. Smart phones allows news readers to find news on the go and to help news to be even easier to access, many news companies have created apps that direct the public straight to the most recent and breaking news. Also, another point that greatly benefits the audience is that the majority of the apps and websites are free of charge, unlike their print counterparts. With news becoming free it allows news papers to widen their audience as traders who may not have been able to initially pay for the news paper can now access it online for free.

As well as the audience, institutions can also benefit a lot from digital changes in the media. Institutions can now instantly release news on their websites and apps contrasting to waiting for the next day for the newspaper to print. This makes the institution reflect as a reliable and resourceful institution to get news from. Also, the newspaper can hear the opinions of more readers through the comments section which makes it easier for them to alter their methods of portraying the news in order to appeal to their audience.

Despite this their are more negative outcomes with the introduction of digital media for the institutions. The decline of print newspapers makes institutions lose revenue as they can no longer get money from the advertisements. Now with the Internet, search engines, primarily Google take away all the business for advertising. Also as online is free, institutions find it difficult to get profit since customers are no longer paying for the service. 

As well as the negative effects for the institutions, there are also negative effects for the audience. Although news has become much more accessible, many of the public may still choose not to read the news. This means that there is not much point for institutions to change into online news. Also, as readers are easily able to post conspiracy theories or even wrong information on the comments section, leading to the public being dumbed down.

To conclude, In my opinion, I think it is the audience that benefits the most from digital media being introduced as they have wider options which are easily accessible.

NDM Story 6: No, vinyl sales have not overtaken music streaming revenues

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/mediatechnologyandtelecoms/11901346/No-vinyl-sales-have-not-overtaken-music-streaming-revenues.html



Despite vinyl record sales increasing due to the 'hipster revolution' these sales have still not overtaken the streaming services such as spotify. In the first half of the year, vinyl sales have significantly increased, showing that Americans are willing to spend more money on vinyls than on the streaming sites. However with royalties and subscriptions, steaming sites easily overtake vinyl sales. Although streaming sites easily take over the vinyl sale, vinyls have broken through the million mark in 2014, since 18 years ago. With this, official charts are considering creating another chart for vinyl records.

•  US consumers spent $226m (£149m) on vinyl albums and singles in the first half of the year, surpassing $162.7m in revenues from ad-supported streaming.
• Paid-for subscriptions – such as Spotify's £9.99 Premium service – added $477.9m to recorded revenues from streaming sites. 
• Royalties from digital radio services contributed a further $387.2m

I believe that the growth in vinyl sales is only temporary and the craze of buying records will die down. I think eventually, streaming sites will also die down as people will find alternative sources to find free music. 

NDM Story 5: Twitter 'to unveil founder Jack Dorsey as new chief executive'

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/twitter/11903190/Twitter-to-unveil-founder-Jack-Dorsey-as-new-chief-executive.html

Twitter, after 3 months of having no CEO have finally decided to name Jack Dorsey, the co founder of Twitter, the new CEO. He replaced stand-up comedian and veteran entrepreneur Dick Costolo. This change took place as Twitter has begun to slowly decrease in growth and investors becoming concerned of Twitter as a powerful social media site.Twitter has become worrying as after 9 years since its launch, it still hasn't created much profit. The revenue has been slowly rising however, it is still disappointing. Mr Dorsey, now the CEO, begins his control over Twitter since 2008 as this was when the co founder got into some controversy with another co founder, Evan Williams and was kicked out of the company.

• Twitter has more than 300m users which is far behind Facebook's 1.5bn
• shares have fallen nearly 50pc since late April.
• The shares rallied after Re/Code's report, gaining $1.35, or more than 5pc.
• Mr Dorsey is the company's largest share holder worth $600 million

In my opinion, Twitter is in need of a new CEO to make the relevant changes in order to boost Twitter's popularity. With the introduction of Instagram, Snap Chat and other social networking sites, Twitter falls behind due to their immense popularity that has appeared recently. Twitter also falls behind the traditional Facebook, meaning it has possibilities of becoming a displaced media, similarly to sites such as Myspace. Unless, drastic changes are made, Twitter will continue to be an unused social networking site and may ultimately go bankrupt .